The effect of high glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluids on thioredoxin-interacting protein expression in human peritoneal mesothelial cells

BackgroundIt has been demonstrated that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) interacted with NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and participated in the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Our previous study has demonstrated that in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs), exposure to high glucose-based peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β expression. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high glucose-based PD fluids on the TXNIP expression and the underlying mechanisms by which TXNIP-NLRP3 interaction mediates the inflammatory injury to HPMCs in high glucose-based PD fluids conditions.MethodsTXNIP gene and protein expression was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunoblot. Immunoprecipitation was used to evaluate the interaction between TRX1 and TXNIP, TXNIP and NLRP3. ROS production and IL-1β expression was examined by flow cytometry and immunoblot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively.ResultsIt was identified that high glucose-based PD solutions enhance the level of TXNIP gene and protein in cultured HPMCs and a rat-based PD model. We also found that ROS generation induced by high glucose-based PD solutions disrupts the TRX1-TXNIP association, while promoting the binding of TXNIP to NLRP3 in HPMCs. Furthermore, the application of a ROS inhibitor (APDC) to HPMCs blocked the high glucose-based PD solution-induced TXNIP-NLRP3 binding, in addition to ROS production and IL-1β expression.ConclusionThe results of the present study revealed a novel mechanism underlying high glucose-containing PD-mediated peritoneal inflammatory injury, supporting the attenuation of ROS generation as a potential therapeutic strategy to alleviate such pathology.     

人工关节置换术治疗高龄股骨转子间粉碎性骨折

目的探讨人工关节置换术治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折的方法及疗效。方法对38例高龄（≥75岁）股骨转子间粉碎性骨折患者用骨水泥型人工髋关节置换术治疗,术中尽量复位大小转子并张力带钢丝固定。结果手术时间58~98 min,出血量200~380 ml。无切口感染及肺栓塞发生,2例出现尿道感染。患者均获随访,时间12~48个月。骨折愈合时间为3~6（4.5±0.5）个月。术后12个月Harris评分为76~94（84±3）分。结论人工关节置换术治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折患者手术时间短、出血少、可早期下地行走、关节功能恢复快、近期效果满意,是高龄股骨转子间骨折患者的一种理想手术方式,但掌握手术适应证及操作要点是关键。     

手法复位联合微创手术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折疗效的Meta分析

目的:应用Meta分析评价手法复位在联合经皮椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP)或经皮椎体后凸成形术(percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF)中的有效性,为临床治疗提供参考。方法:检索中国学术期刊网、万方数据库、Web of Science 和PubMed,获得1987年1月至2014年4月期间有关手法复位和PVP及PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床对照研究文献,对入选的文献进行质量评价,选择疼痛(VAS评分)缓解、后凸角(Cobb角)改善、椎体前缘高度恢复等作为Meta分析的评价指标。结果:共纳入文献7篇,包含5篇随机对照研究,2篇非随机对照研究。2篇研究为手法复位联合PVP与单纯PVP治疗OVCF的效果,5篇研究为手法复位联合PKP与单纯PKP治疗OVCF的效果。所有研究均来自中国,共纳入410例研究对象(465个病椎).与单纯PVP比较,手法复位联合PVP能更好地改善Cobb角(WMD=-7.35;95%CI:-12.15,-2.54)和椎体前缘高度(p<0.01),但两组在VAS评分改善方面差异无统计学意义(WMD=-0.01;95%CI:-0.45,0.42);与单纯PKP比较,手法复位联合PKP治疗在VAS评分改善、Cobb角改善、椎体前缘高度恢复方面差异均无统计学意义(p>0.05).结论:与单纯PVP及PKP治疗OVCF相比,手法复位联合PVP能更好地改善Cobb角和椎体前缘高度,而手法复位联合PKP在疼痛缓解、Cobb角改善、椎体前缘高度恢复方面均无明显优势。研究纳入的文献数量较少,有必要进一步开展大样本、高质量的随机对照研究予以证实。